Indian Polity Part 4: Parliament — Sessions, Bills and the Money-Bill Route, Exam-Ready Notes

Procedure questions freeze into a tick-list: summoning, motion stages, bill classes.

Session frame

• Three tools: question hour, zero hour, motions; budget: Art 112-117; Appropriation and Finance bills.
• Joint sitting Article 108: ordinary + money vetoes; not constitutional bills; held 3 times.

Bill classes

• Money bill 110: Speaker certificate only, Rajya Sabha 14 days.
• Ordinary vs constitutional amendment: special majority both houses separately.
• Aadhaar 2016 money-bill fight; Rojer Mathew referred; Puttaswamy-II 2018 upheld Speaker certification.
• Withdrawal of the Rs 2,000 note was an executive act, not a money bill — often confused.

Committees and officers

• DRSCs 24; PAC on appropriation accounts; Speaker pro tem; Vice President chairs Council of States.

Revise in 30 seconds

• Money bill: Speaker certificate, RS 14 days.
• Joint sitting: only ordinary+money, 3 times ever.
• Constitutional bills: special majority, no joint sitting.
• Aadhaar upheld as money bill 2018.